Smog Checklist

What is a Smog Checklist?

A smog checklist is a tool used by smog technicians in emission testing centers when conducting smog checks. It helps smog technicians record findings and document any observations that may indicate unsafe vehicular conditions or noncompliance with regulations.

What is a Smog Check?

Also known as a vehicle emissions test, a smog check is a procedure to determine if a vehicle’s emissions are within the acceptable levels set by a regulating body. Failure to pass a smog check can result in non-renewal of vehicle registration due to noncompliance with environmental regulatory requirements. 

In the U.S., the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulates vehicle emissions with programs to help keep them in check and control their negative impact, such as but not limited to:

• Causing or exacerbating respiratory conditions and other medical ailments

• Contributing 15% to the world’s greenhouse gases

• Resulting in financial repercussions due to noncompliance with EPA regulations

How to Perform Smog Checks

Procedures for vehicle emissions inspections often vary depending on the state and type of vehicle. For instance, the Bureau of Automotive Repair (BAR) sets the standard for vehicle emissions tests for light vehicles across all states, while the Clean Truck Check (CTC) program covers heavy-duty vehicles in California.

Here’s an overview of what happens during a vehicle emissions test:

1. Vehicle Eligibility and Requirements 

The smog technician confirms the vehicle’s classification (light-duty or heavy-duty) and applicable emissions testing program. They log the vehicle identification, model year, and emission control system baseline per regulatory standards.

2. Testing Equipment Preparation

Ensure smog testing equipment and measurement devices (e.g., exhaust gas analyzers, opacity meters, onboard diagnostic (OBD) scanners) are calibrated according to regulatory specifications.

3. Pre-Test

Smog technicians may visually inspect the vehicle to check if there are any defective, tampered, missing, disconnected, or modified emission control systems. They also look closely to see if other equipment, such as the malfunction indicator light, is working. 

4. Emissions Measurement

Smog technicians measure and record the readings of Hydrocarbons (HC), Carbon Monoxide (CO), and Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) from the vehicle emissions. Testing equipment can vary, but technicians use approved exhaust emission analyzers for vehicle emissions testing.

5. Additional Functional Tests

For gasoline vehicles, technicians may perform idle tests and visible smoke observations at the tailpipe and from the engine crankcase to detect leaks or abnormal emissions. For heavy-duty vehicles, inspect emission system components like Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) or Diesel Oxidation Catalyst functionality.

Why Use a Checklist for Vehicle Emissions Inspections?

Using a checklist for smog inspections offers a structured and reliable approach to ensure all required steps are consistently completed and documented. By closely following the contents of the checklist, smog technicians can:

• Record critical emissions data more accurately

• Maintain uniform standards and results, regardless of who performs the checks

• Strengthen accountability and traceability through signed inspection results

• Reduce safety risks for vehicles in operations

• Guarantee that all inspections meet local and state regulatory standards

What to Include in a Smog Checklist

For a smooth smog vehicle inspection, it’s crucial to know what to expect, as regulations can vary by region or state. Below is a concise checklist of items commonly needed for a smog inspection:

1. Inspection information – includes inspector’s name, vehicle owner’s name, and inspection location and date

2. Vehicle information – outlines basic details about the vehicle, including its make, model, engine specifications, and other relevant information

3. Exhaust emission test result – covers rates of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and oxides of nitrogen

4. Completion – gives space for recommendations and the smog technician’s signature

Sample Smog Check Report

To illustrate this, here’s a completed smog check vehicle inspection report in PDF format:

Sample Smog Check PDF Report